The Icon of the Mother of God of Tenderness is meant to be read as expressing love and compassion for all creation rather than as a self-enclosed, sentimental mother-child scene. As Leonid Ouspensky and Vladimir Lossky write of this icon-type in
The Meaning of Icons:
...The spectator is moved by a feeling of deep lovingkindness, that feeling that is best described in the poetic words of St. Isaac of Syria. According to his exposition, the sign of a merciful heart is when 'a man's heart burns for all creation--men, birds, animals, demons and all creatures'. .. In the icons of Lovingkindness (
or "Tenderness), the motherly caress of the Mother of God is indissolubly connected with Her tormenting pain for Her Son. This compassion she feels for Him becomes here transformed into motherly compassion for all creatures for whom He voluntarily sacrifices Himself. And this godlike compassion transfigures the most instinctive part of human nature, which links man to the whole of creation--motherhood. Contact with the Deity transforms motherly tenderness into all-embracing love and grief for the whole of creation.
Similarly, the Icon of the Nativity of Christ represents the incomprehensible miracle of God becoming truly human while remaining truly God. This is part of the significance of Mary remaining in the reclining position. This woman really gave birth because she and Jesus are truly human, despite the messy implications! The humanity of Mary and the birth itself was a matter of hot debate throughout the Middle Ages and the orthodox position is worth reiterating in the tradition of iconography.